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Medical Info For Parents

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Dr. Vibin KV
30/Apr/2025
Breathing ProblemsEmergencyForeign body0

Foreign body in nose – what parents should know

If a child inserts a **pearl or small object into their nose**, parents should **avoid certain actions** to prevent injury or making the situation worse. Here’s what **not to do**:

**What Parents Should NOT Do:**

1. **Do NOT use tweezers or cotton swabs:** Trying to remove the object with tools can push it further into the nose or cause damage.

2. **Do NOT ask the child to sniff or inhale deeply:** This can make the object move deeper into the nasal passage.

3. **Do NOT delay medical care if unsure:** If removal is difficult or unsuccessful quickly, seek medical help. Waiting too long can lead to infection or nasal damage.

4. **Do NOT panic or scold the child:** This can increase anxiety and make cooperation harder during removal.

5. **Do NOT pour liquids (like oil or water) into the nose:** These can cause choking or force the object further in.

What to Do Instead:
– Stay calm and reassure the child.

– If the object is visible and easy to grasp (with fingers), you can gently try.
– Try the **“mother’s kiss”** technique (if safe and age-appropriate): Have one nostril closed, and blow gently into the child’s mouth to create pressure that might push the object out.
– If unsuccessful, visit a pediatrician or emergency room promptly.

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Dr. Vibin KV
28/Jan/2025
AntibioticsEyeFever/InfectionForeign bodyInfection0

Eye discharge in infants

Eye discharge in infants is a common concern for parents. Here’s what you need to know about potential causes, symptoms to watch for, and when to seek medical advice:

Causes of Eye Discharge in Infants

  1. Blocked Tear Duct (Dacryostenosis):
    • Common in newborns because tear ducts may not fully open at birth.
    • Symptoms include watery eyes and yellow or white discharge.
    • Usually resolves on its own by 6-12 months.
  2. Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye):
    • Viral: May accompany a cold and cause watery discharge.
    • Bacterial: Produces thick yellow or green discharge, often with crusting.
    • Allergic: Less common in infants, associated with itching and watery discharge.
  3. Eye Infection from Delivery:
    • Newborns may contract an eye infection (ophthalmia neonatorum) during delivery if exposed to bacteria or viruses like gonorrhea or chlamydia. This requires urgent medical attention.
  4. Foreign Body or Irritation:
    • Dust, hair, or other irritants can cause redness and watery discharge.
  5. Dry Eye or Other Conditions:
    • Less common but possible.

When to Seek Medical Attention

  • Discharge is thick, yellow, green, or foul-smelling.
  • Eyes are red, swollen, or baby seems in pain.
  • Discharge persists for more than a few days.
  • Baby has a fever or other signs of illness.
  • Eye infection is suspected after delivery.

What Parents Can Do at Home

  1. Clean the Eyes Gently:
    • Use a warm, damp cotton ball or soft cloth to wipe away discharge.
    • Always wipe from the inside corner outward to avoid spreading infection.
  2. Massage for Blocked Tear Ducts:
    • Gently massage the inner corner of the eye to encourage tear duct drainage.
    • Ask your pediatrician for proper technique.
  3. Avoid Contamination:
    • Wash your hands before and after touching your baby’s face.
    • Use clean cloths or cotton balls for each eye to prevent spreading infection.
  4. Avoid Over-the-Counter Drops:
    • Don’t use eye drops unless prescribed by your pediatrician.

By keeping an eye on symptoms and practicing good hygiene, most cases of eye discharge in infants can be managed effectively. Always consult your pediatrician if you’re unsure or concerned.

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Dr. Vibin KV
20/Nov/2024
EmergencyRespiratory0

Choking in a child – what parents must do

If a child is choking, it’s important to act quickly. Here’s what parents or caregivers should do:

1. Assess the Situation

  • Mild choking: The child may cough or make wheezing sounds. If they are still able to breathe and cough, encourage them to keep coughing to clear the obstruction.
  • Severe choking: The child may not be able to breathe, cry, or cough. Their face may turn red or blue. Immediate action is needed.

2. For Infants (Under 1 Year Old)

If the infant is choking and unable to cough or breathe:

  • Call for help (call emergency services if needed).
  • Perform back blows:
    1. Place the infant face-down on your forearm, supporting the head and neck.
    2. Use the heel of your hand to give up to 5 back blows between the infant’s shoulder blades.
  • Perform chest thrusts:
    1. If the back blows don’t clear the obstruction, turn the infant over to face-up.
    2. Place two fingers in the center of the chest just below the nipple line.
    3. Give 5 chest thrusts, pushing down firmly.
  • Repeat the back blows and chest thrusts until the object is expelled or emergency help arrives.

3. For Children (Over 1 Year Old)

If the child is choking and unable to breathe:

  • Call for help (call emergency services if needed).
  • Perform back blows:
    1. Have the child bend forward at the waist.
    2. Use the heel of your hand to give 5 firm back blows between the shoulder blades.
  • Perform abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuver):
    1. Stand behind the child and place your hands around their waist.
    2. Make a fist with one hand and place the thumb side just above the child’s navel.
    3. Grasp the fist with your other hand and give quick inward and upward thrusts.
    4. Continue the thrusts until the object is expelled or the child begins to breathe.

4. After the Object Is Expelled

  • If the child begins breathing, stay with them and monitor for any further complications.
  • If the child is still not breathing, begin CPR and continue until help arrives.

5. Do Not

  • Do not slap the child on the back or try to retrieve the object with your fingers unless you can clearly see it and can easily remove it without pushing it deeper.
  • Do not perform abdominal thrusts on infants.

It’s crucial to take immediate action, and if you’re unsure, always call emergency services for professional guidance.

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Dr. Vibin KV
11/Nov/2024
InfectionkidneyUrine0

Frequent Urination In Toddlers

Frequent urination in toddlers can have various causes, and it’s important to pay attention to any accompanying symptoms. Here are some common reasons:

  1. High Fluid Intake: If your toddler is drinking more fluids than usual, they may urinate more frequently. This is usually harmless and can be adjusted by limiting fluid intake before bedtime or during certain times of the day.
  2. Bladder Infection (UTI): A urinary tract infection can cause frequent urination, often accompanied by discomfort or pain, changes in urine color (e.g., cloudy or blood-tinged), and sometimes fever. If you suspect a UTI, a doctor can perform tests to confirm it.
  3. Diabetes: Unexplained frequent urination, especially if combined with excessive thirst, could be a sign of diabetes. This is rare in toddlers but can be tested with blood work.
  4. Constipation: Constipation can put pressure on the bladder, leading to frequent urination. If your toddler is also struggling with bowel movements, this may be the cause.
  5. Normal Development: Some toddlers just have smaller bladders or may still be adjusting to their potty training routines, leading to more frequent trips to the bathroom.
  6. Psychological Factors: Stress or anxiety (e.g., starting preschool or a change in routine) can sometimes cause frequent urination.

If you’re concerned about the frequency of urination or if your toddler shows signs of discomfort, pain, or other symptoms, it’s best to consult a pediatrician for further evaluation.

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Dr. Vibin KV
19/Jun/2023
Musculoskeletal pain0

Growing pains in Children

Growing pains are a common phenomenon experienced by some children, typically between the ages of 3 and 12 years. These pains are characterized by recurrent, usually bilateral, leg pain that occurs predominantly in the evening or at night.

  1. Symptoms: Growing pains primarily affect the muscles rather than the joints. Children may complain of pain in the thighs, calves, or behind the knees. The pain is often described as an ache or a cramp and is typically not associated with swelling, redness, or warmth in the affected areas.
  2. Frequency and duration: Growing pains usually occur intermittently and may come and go over weeks or months. The episodes of pain tend to last for about 10 to 30 minutes but can sometimes persist for longer periods.
  3. Causes: The exact cause of growing pains is still uncertain. However, they are not associated with actual growth spurts, as the name might suggest. Several theories suggest that growing pains may be related to muscle fatigue, overuse, or stress on the muscles and bones during physical activities.
  4. Risk factors: Growing pains are more commonly seen in children who are very active or participate in sports or other physical activities. They are also more prevalent in children with a family history of growing pains.
  5. Diagnosis: Growing pains are typically diagnosed based on the child’s medical history and physical examination. Laboratory tests or imaging studies are usually not necessary unless there are atypical symptoms or signs that suggest an underlying condition.
  6. Treatment: Growing pains do not require specific medical treatment as they are considered a normal part of a child’s development. However, there are some measures that can help alleviate discomfort, such as:
    • Massaging the affected area.
    • Applying a warm compress to the painful area.
    • Encouraging gentle stretching exercises before bedtime.
    • Administering over-the-counter pain relievers like acetaminophen or ibuprofen, under the guidance of a healthcare professional.
  7. When to consult a doctor: While growing pains are generally harmless, it’s a good idea to consult your pediatrician if:
    • The pain is severe, persistent, or causing significant distress to the child.
    • There is redness, swelling, or other signs of inflammation.
    • The child develops a limp or has difficulty walking.
    • The child’s daily activities or sleep are consistently affected.

Remember, growing pains are a benign condition and tend to resolve as children grow older. However, if you have concerns about your child’s symptoms, it’s always best to consult your pediatrician for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate advice.

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Dr. Vibin KV

Dr. Vibin KV is best pediatrician in south Delhi, near safdarjung enclave. He has over 14 years experience in managing sick children from newborn to 18 years of age.
Conditions treated and services provided at the clinic include:
1) Respiratory illnesses with cough or noisy breathing- bronchiolitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, wheezing, asthma, foreign body, Inhaler therapy etc.
2) Vaccinations in all age groups.
3) New Born baby care.
4) Diarrhea, dysentery, dehydration.
5) Liver and Kidney Failure.
6) Brain infection including meningitis, encephalitis etc.
7) Urinary problems like Urinary tract infection, poor urine stream, painful urine, tight skin of the penis (phimosis) or paraphimosis, redness or pus at penis area.
8) Nephrotic syndrome and other Kidney related problems.
9) Jaundice, Hepatitis.
10) Poor growth, short stature, overweight, obesity.
11) Childhood diabetes and other endocrine problems in children.
12) Colic in infants.
13) Constipation in infants and older children.
14) Skin conditions like allergies, eczema, dermatitis, herpes, Rashes, dry skin, Dandruff, white patch over face, hair fall, dry scalp, diaper rash, nail problems etc.
15) Hernia or hydrocele- swelling in umbilical, swelling in testis, swelling in inguinal region.
16) Fever and Infections (bacterial, viral, fungal etc)
17) Seizures - Epilepsy, Febrile seizures.
18) worm infestations
19) Fall from height, head injury, Trauma, fractures (bone injury) etc.
20) PICC line and central line insertions.
21) Day care and Inpatient care facilities.
22) Adolescent care - emotional, psychological health.
23) Autism, ADHD, hyperactivity, learning disabilities, Developmental delay.
24) Short surgical procedures needing IV sedation.

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